Madeleine Kuijper, Madeleine Kuijper Illustraties
Judge's comments:
"With its style and watercolour tones reminiscent of old manuscripts, the wit of this illustration is in the details.
"The faceless doctors with their 'plague doctor' masks and the dunce-like funnels on their heads."
Catherine Draycott, Head of Wellcome Images
Folio from a Book of the Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices by al-Jazari (1136–1206)
"Design on Each Side for Waterwheel Worked by Donkey Power"
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Greek Archaic History of Art
'The Lysippides Painter was a follower of Exekias who specialized in large pots. At the end of the sixth century B.C., such pieces tended to show few figures starkly presented or crowded scenes with complex groupings. The combat here epitomizes the capacity of Greek art to depict the essentials so that a scene remains forceful and meaningful for all time.'
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Israelite Archaic History
This type of pillar figurine is typical of those produced in great numbers in the kingdom of Judah at this time. Tell el-Duweir is ancient Lachish, the major fortified center in Judah that was destroyed by the Assyrian army under Sennacherib (701 B.C.). The city's fate is chronicled in the Bible and represented in wall reliefs from the Assyrian palace at Nineveh. This buxom goddess figurine with pillar base is nude and supports her breasts in her hands. The head is simply rendered with a short, tightly curled caplike hairdo articulated in ridges, and the facial features are mold-made and clearly articulated. This imagery and that on clay plaques with nude female figures probably represents fertility or mother goddesses. The figurines are found in domestic contexts and point to popular cults that coexisted with monotheistic Judaism. Outside influences are evident in the religion of ancient Israel and Judah at this time, and Syrian cults focusing on the worship of Asherah may have been an influence. Asherah was the wife of El, head of the Canaanite pantheon, and probably the mother of the gods in Canaanite and later Jewish tradition. Some literary evidence in ancient Israel even speaks of Asherah as the consort of Yahweh himself.
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Later Science
‘Al-Chemists
dealt with substances through a transcendent level (That is, ‘bio-information’)
in addition to the physical level.’ Jaber Ibn Ḣayyan wrote about ‘substance
bio-information’ and ‘astronomical element’.
‘Humans and
nature components melt in the bio-information structure of the Universe.’
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